论语(汉英对照)

　孔子，名丘，字仲尼，春秋战国时期著名的思想家、教育家，儒家思想的代表人物，开创了私人办学，第一次将教育在民间发扬广大，其弟子众多，有成就者亦不胜数。《论语》主要记载了其人的言行，反映他的主要为"仁爱"、"好学"思想，为古代各帝王朝代所重视。

学而第一

为政第二

八佾第三

里仁第四

公冶长第五

雍也第六

述而第七

泰伯第八

子罕第九

乡党第十

先进第十一

颜渊第十二

子路第十三

宪问第十四

卫灵公第十五

季氏第十六

阳货第十七

微子第十八

子张第十九

尧日第二十

书摘
（一）
子曰：“里仁为美。择不处仁，焉得知!”
(二)
子曰：“不仁者，不可以久处约，不可以长处乐。仁者安仁，智者利仁。”
(三)
子曰：“唯仁者能好人，能恶人。”
(四)
子曰：“苟志于仁矣，无恶也。”
1 The Master said, It is Goodness that gives to a neighbourhood its beauty. One who is free to choose, yet does not prefer to dwell among the Good-how can he be accorded the name of wise?
2 The Master said, Without Goodness a man
Cannot for long endure adversity,
Cannot for long enjoy prosperity.
The Good Man rests content with Goodness; he that is merely wise pursues Goodness in the belief that it pays to do so.
3, 4 Of the adage 'Only a Good Man knows how to like people, knows how to dislike them, the Master said, He whose heart is in the smallest degree set upon goodness will dislike no one.
(一)
子曰：“述而不作，信而好古，窃比于我老彭。”
(二)
子曰：“默而识之，学而不厌，诲人不倦，何有于我哉！”
(三)
子曰：“德之不修，学之不讲，闻义不能从，不善不能改，是吾忧也。”
(四)
子之燕居，申申如也，夭夭如也。
(五)
子曰：“甚矣吾衰也!久矣吾不复梦见周公。

1,2,3 The Master said, I have 'transmitted what was taught to me without making up anything of my own'. I have been faithful to and loved the Ancients. In these respects, I make bold to think, not even our old P'êng can have excelled me. The Master said, I have listened in silence and noted what was said, I have never grown tired of learning nor wearied of teaching others what I have learnt. These at least are merits which I can confidently claim. The Master said, The thought that 'I have left my moral power (te) untended, my learning unperfected, that I have heard of righteous men, but been unable to go to them; have heard of evil men, but been unable to reform them'-it is these thoughts that disquiet me.
4 In his leisure hours the Master's manner was very free-and-easy, and his expression alert and cheerful.
5 The Master said, How utterly have things gone to the bad with me! It is long now indeed since I dreamed that I saw the Duke of Chou.
(一)
子罕言利，与命，与仁。
(二)
达巷党人曰：“大哉孔子!博学而无所成名。”子闻之，谓门弟子曰：“吾何执?执御乎，执射乎?吾执御矣。”
(三)
子曰：“麻冕，礼也；今也纯，俭，吾从众。拜下，礼也；今拜乎上，泰也，虽违众，吾从下。”
(四)
子绝四：毋意，毋必，毋固，毋我。
1 The Master seldom spoke of profit or fate or Goodness.
2 A villager from Ta-hsiang said, Master K'ung is no doubt a very great man and vastly learned But he does nothing to bear out this reputation. The Master, hearing of it, said to his disciples, What shall I take up?Shall I take up chariot-driving? Or shall it be archery? I think I will take up driving!
3 The Master said, The hemp-thread crown is prescribed by ritual. Nowadays people wear black silk, which is economical;and I follow the general practice. Obeisance below the dais is prescribed by ritual. Nowadays people make obeisance after mounting the dais. This is presumptuous, and though to do so is contrary to the general practice, I make a point of bowing while still down below.
4 There were four things that the Master wholly eschewed: he took nothing for granted, he was never over-positive, never obstinate, never egotistic.
(一)
子路问政。子曰：“先之劳之。”请益，曰：“无倦。”
(二)
仲弓为季氏宰，问政。子曰：“先有司，赦小过，举贤才。”曰：“焉知贤才而举之?”曰：“举尔所知。尔所不知，人其舍诸？”
(三)
子路曰：“卫君待子而为政，子将奚先?”子曰：“必也正名乎!”子路曰：“有是哉，子之迂也!奚其正？”子曰：“野哉由也！君子于其所不知，盖阙如也。
名不正则言不顺，言不顺则事不成，事不成则礼乐不兴，礼乐不兴则刑罚不中，刑罚不中则民无所措手足。故君子名之必可言也，言之必可行也。君子于其言，无所苟而已矣。”
1 Tzu-lu asked about govemment The Master said, Lead them; encourage them! Tzu-lu asked for a further maxim. The Master said, Untiringly.
2 Jan Yung, having become steward of the Chi Family, asked about govemment. The Master said, Get as much as possible done first by your subordinates. Pardon small offences. Promote men of superior capacity. Jan Yung said, How does one know a man of superior capacity, in order to promote him? The Master said, Promote those you know, and those whom you do not know other people will certainly not neglect.
3 Tzu-lu said, If the prince of Wei were waiting for you to come
and administer his country for him, what would be your first measure? The Master said, It would certainly be to correct language. Tzu-lu said, Can I have heard you aright? Surely what you say has nothing to do with the matter. Why should language be corrected? The Master said, Yu! How boorish you are! A
gentleman, when things he does not understand are mentioned. should maintain an attitude of reserve, If language is incorrect.then what is said does not concord with what was meant; and if what is said does not concord with what was meant, what is to be done cannot be effected. If what is to be done cannot be
effected, then rites and music will not flourish, If rites and music
1 So that your time may not be taken up with petty preliminaries
2 i.e. will certainly bring to your notice.
3 The 'chain argument' clanks rather heavily in English; but it is essential to preserve the form of the original.
……