思想者指南系列丛书：什么是科学思维(第3版)

《什么是科学思维》是“思想者指南系列丛书”当中的一本，属于该系列下的“大众篇”，供广大读者阅读使用。《什么是科学思维》主要通过讲解科学思维的构成、标准、逻辑、方法，并以生物学、化学、科学、生态学等科学学科为例进行说明，来帮助读者提升科学思维。

Richard Paul：思辨研究专家，国际思辨研究运动主要负责人，已发表200余篇与思辨研究相关的论文、出版5部论述思辨研究的著作。Linda Elder：教育心理学专家、思辨研究专家，在美国多所大学任教，主要教授课程为教育心理学、思辨能力培养；思辨研究协会会长、思辨中心执行主任。

Why a Thinker's Guide to Scientific Thinking?．．．．．．．．．．iii
Why Scientific Thinking?．．．．．．．．．．1
The Elements of Scientific Thought．．．．．．．．．．2
Questions Using the Elements of Scientific Thought．．．．．．．．．．3
A Checklist for Scientific Reasoning．．．．．．．．．．4
Scientific Thinking Seeks to Quantify， Explain， and Predict Relationships in Nature．．．．．．．．6
Universal Intellectual Standards Essential to Sound Scientific Thinking．．．．．．．．．．8
Intellectual Standards in Scientific Thinking．．．．．．．．．．10
The Figuring Mind Thinking Scientifically．．．．．．．．．．11
How to Analyze the Logic of a Scientific Article， Essay， or Chapter．．．．．．．．．．12
Analyzing the Logic of a Science Textbook．．．．．．．．．．14
Experimental Thinking Requires Experimental Controls．．．．．．．．．．15
The Logic of an Experiment ．．．．．．．．．．16
Post Experiment Analysis．．．．．．．．．．17
How to Evaluate an Author's or Experimenter’s Scientific Reasoning．．．．．．．．．．18
Two Kinds of Scientific Questions．．．．．．．．．．19
Asking One System and Conflicting System Questions．．．．．．．．．．20
Scientific Reasoning Abilities．．．．．．．．．．22
Analyzing & Assessing Scientific Research．．．．．．．．．．23
Purpose．．．．．．．．．．25
Questions at Issue or Central Problem ．．．．．．．．．．27
Information．．．．．．．．．．28
Inference and Interpretation．．．．．．．．．．29
Assumptions．．．．．．．．．．30
Concepts and Ideas．．．．．．．．．．31
Point of View．．．．．．．．．．33
Implications and Consequences．．．．．．．．．．35
Intellectual Dispositions Essential to Scientific Thinking．．．．．．．．．．36
Scientific Thinkers Routinely Apply the Intellectual Standards to the Elements of Scientific
Reasoning as They Develop the Traits of a Scientific Mind．．．．．．．．．．38
Development of the Scientific Mind．．．．．．．．．．39
Analyzing the Logic of a Subject．．．．．．．．．．40
The Logic of Scientific Reasoning．．．．．．．．．．41
The Questioning Mind in Science．．．．．．．．．．42
The Logic of Science．．．．．．．．．．45
The Logic of Physics．．．．．．．．．．47
The Logic of Chemistry．．．．．．．．．．49
The Logic