中华五福吉祥图典•喜

习俗的那些事儿，过年过好的好书单

吉祥一词， 始见于《易经》：“ 吉事有祥。”《左传》有：“是何祥也？吉祥焉在？”《庄子》则有：“虚室生日，吉祥止止。”《注疏》亦云：“吉者，福善之事；祥者，嘉庆之征。”
　　吉祥二字，在甲骨文中被写作“吉羊”。上古人过着游牧生活，羊肥大成群是很“吉祥”的事，在古器物的铭文中多有“吉羊”。《说文》云：“羊，祥也。”
　　吉祥，是美好、幸运的形象；吉祥，是人类最迷人的主题。艺术最终都是把理想形象化，而吉祥图，是中华吉祥文化最璀璨的明珠。旧时有联：“善果皆欢喜，香云普吉祥。”吉祥图有：吉祥如意、五福吉祥等。
　　五福，是吉祥的具体体现。福、禄、寿、喜、财，在民间被称为五福；福星、禄星、寿星、喜神、财神，在仙界被尊为五福神。五福最早见于《尚书》：“五福，一曰寿，二曰富，三曰康宁，四曰攸好德，五曰考终命。”旧时有联：“三阳临吉地，五福萃华门。”吉祥图有：五福捧寿、三多五福等。
　　吉祥图不仅有“五福”之内涵，而且与绘画艺术和语言艺术珠联璧合。在绘画上，吉祥图体现了中国画主要的表现手段——线的魅力，给人以美感，令人赏心悦目。吉祥图虽多出自民间画工之手，却多有顾恺之“春蚕吐丝”之韵，曹仲达“曹衣出水”之美，吴道子“吴带当风”之妙。在语言上，吉祥图使古代文化通俗化和普及化，吉祥图多配有一句浓缩成四个字的吉语祥词，给人以吉祥的祝愿，令人心驰神往。
　　《中华五福吉祥图典》，汇集了著名文化学者黄全信的数代家传和几十年收藏的精品吉祥图，可谓美不胜收。其中既有明之典雅，又有清之华丽；既有皇家之富贵，又有民间之淳朴；既有北方之粗犷，又有南方之秀美……全套书按五福分成福、禄、寿、喜、财五集，每集吉祥图119 幅，共595 幅。除同类图案外，全套书均按笔画顺序编排，基本包括了中国传统吉祥图的各个方面，并对每幅图做了考证和诠释，力求图文并茂，相得益彰。
　　五福人人喜，吉祥家家乐。吉祥图是中国的，也是世界的，故以汉英对照出版。《中华五福吉祥图典》会给您带来吉祥，给您全家带来幸福。
　　The word jíxiáng（meaning lucky, propitious, or auspicious） is used in ancient Chinese books and writings as early as the Zhou Dynasty (1100 -221BC).
　　The word jíxiáng was written 吉羊（jíyáng, auspicious sheep） on oracle bones. To the ancient nomadic Chinese, large herds of well-fed sheep were prized possessions; the word jíyáng also appeared in engravings on ancient utensils.
　　To have good luck is an eternal desire of all people. As art records man’s ideals, good luck pictures are the most illuminating part of Chinese spiritual culture. An old Chinese couplet says that kindness leads to happiness and good luck. Typical good luck pictures representing such include images depicting good luck and desire fulfilled to the heart’s content, good luck with five blessings, etc.
　　The five blessings, good fortune, high salary and a good career, longevity, happiness, and wealth, are the major manifestations of good luck, with five different gods presiding over each. The five blessings as first mentioned in Chinese literature are not quite the same as the five which are spoken of today, though they are quite similar. A couplet says a prosperous family is granted many blessings. Typical good luck pictures representing such include: long-term enjoyment of all five blessings, more blessings, etc.
　　Designs of Chinese Blessings is a compilation of selected good luck pictures passed down in the famous Chinese cultural scholar Huang Quanxin’s family for several generations as well as those which I have been collecting for dozens of years. Their beauty is beyond description. They combine the elegance of the Ming Dynasty and the magnificence of the Qing Dynasty, the nobility of the royal family and the modesty of the common people, the boldness of the north and the delicacy of the south. The series consists of five volumes: Good Fortune, High Salary and a Good Career, Longevity, Happiness and Wealth. With 119 pictures in each volume, the whole series contains 595 pictures and is a complete representation of the various aspects of traditional Chinese good luck pictures. Pictures are arranged based on the stroke number of the first character of good luck phrases accompanying the picture. As well, research has been done on each picture, and the resulting interpretations complement the visuals nicely.
　　As the five blessings are the aspiration of each individual, good luck delights all households. Though the good luck pictures originate in China, their messages should benefit people all over the world. May the Designs of Chinese Blessings bring good luck to your life and happiness to your family.

　黄全信，满族，1944年出生于北京一个文化、书画世家，其父曾师承康有为。著名文化学者，中华传统文化研究会名誉会长；著名书画家，中国书画家协会理事，中国书法家协会会员。多年来致力于中国传统文化艺术的研究，出版有关著作100余部。长期从事书画创作和美术教学工作，其书画作品多次参加国内外大展并获多个奖项；多次到日本、新加坡等地举办个人书画展；其书画作品被“台北故宫”和台湾“国父纪念馆”收藏。
　　Huang Quanxin, of the Man ethnic group, was born into a Beijing family of culture, calligraphy and painting in 1944. His father was a disciple of Kang Youwei, who is well-known for advocating reform during the late Qing Dynasty. Huang is a famous scholar who specializes in culture studies and is the honorary president of the China Traditional Culture Studies Association. As a renowned calligrapher and painter, he became the director of the China Calligrapher and Painter Association, a member of China Calligraphers Association. He has been devoted to the study of traditional Chinese culture and art for many years, producing over 100 artistic works. He has also dedicated himself to the creation of painting and calligraphy works as well as instructing painters. Some of his artistic works have been displayed at the great exhibition halls at home and abroad and have received many awards. He has hosted several calligraphy and painting exhibitions in Japan and Singapore. Some of his artistic works were collected in Taipei’s Palace Museum and the Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall.

　　黄迎，中国电影家协会会员、中国电影表演艺术学会会员。中国戏曲学院副教授、影视教研室主任。北京市青年拔尖人才、北京市中青年骨干教师。主编了20余部艺术著作，发表了20余篇艺术专业论文。
　　Huang Ying is a member of China’s Association of Film Professionals and China’s Association of Film Performing. She is an associate professor and director of the Teaching and Research Office of TV and Film Performing at the National Academy of Chinese Theatre Arts. She is honored as the Outstanding Youth of Beijing in addition to the Middle-aged and Young Backbone Teacher of Beijing. She has compiled over 20 artistic works and published over 20 essays on art.

1 / 人臻五福　花满三春
May People Enjoy a Life Full of Blessings
and May Flowers Bloom Throughout the Spring
8 / 一团和气
Harmony and kindness
12 / 九重春色
Long lasting beauty of spring
14 / 子孙万代
Thousands of generations of offsprings
18 / 万代常春
Youth and vitality for all generations of people
20 / 万事大吉
Completeness in everything
22 / 万事如意
Heart’s content in all things
24 / 马上平安
Safety and peace on horseback
26 / 天中集瑞
Good fortune gathered
28 / 天从人愿
May heaven follow the will of man
30 / 天仙送子
Newborn babies sent by the fairies
32 / 双喜同心
Devoted newlyweds
34 / 双喜临门
Double happiness visits
38 / 双狮戏球
A pair of lions plays with a ball
40 / 玉镜合璧
Faithful and devoted husband and wife
42 / 正午牡丹
The prime of prosperity
44 / 龙凤呈祥
Happy marriage
48 / 龙生九子
The nine sons of the dragon
50 / 平安如意
Peace and satisfaction
52 / 兄弟同乐
Brothers in harmony
54 / 四 喜 图
Picture of the four happinesses
56 / 四子同乐
Four children in harmony
58 / 四喜同乐
Four children playing
60 / 四子花瓶
Flower vases with four children

 

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200 / 哈哈二仙
The two gods of harmony
202 / 鸳鸯合气
Harmony between husband and wife
204 / 鸳鸯贵子
Loving couples and their darling children
206 / 鸾凤和鸣
Happy married life
208 / 彩凤祥云
Radiant phoenix and lucky clouds
210 / 喜上加喜
Happiness upon happiness
212 / 喜上眉梢
Jubilance
214 / 喜从天降
Happiness descends from heaven
216 / 喜在眼前
Happiness before one’s eyes
220 / 喜报春光
Announcing the arrival of spring
222 / 喜结良缘
A happy marriage
224 / 喜鹊登梅
Magpies on plum trees
226 / 新韶如意
Content in the new spring
228 / 福增贵子
More good fortune and children
230 / 榴开百子
A sliced pomegranate full of seeds
238 / 鹤庆吉祥
Happiness and good fortune
240 / 聪明伶俐
Bright and talented children
242 / 麟趾呈祥
May the children be wise and capable
244 / 麟凤呈祥
A peaceful and stable society